The wattage is usually indicated at one end of the tube.
I think for the amount of light you have, your CO2 isn't enough. If a pH kit is out of your range, you just have to up your CO2 as much as possible (stepwise) and monitor to ensure your fish don't succumb. Fish can handle up to 30-40 mg/l. it takes sustained, high CO2 levels (at least a couple of weeks) to produce BBA reduction.
Discus, like most cichlids, are temperamental and territorial. You could try separating the bullied fish (with a glass panel perhaps) or providing more hiding places.
Is your tank brand new (just 1.5 weeks old?) or have you had it a while? Brand new tanks and BBA are a bit unusual. If you had added the fish straightaway, the resulting ammonia spike could have helped the algae.
Can't advise you on aquascaping, except to browse the members' tanks and gallery here for ideas.
With high light, CO2 tanks, it's pretty important to make sure that adequate fertiliser is provided. Not knowing what base fert you have, I would still suggest you read the "Articles on Dosing" thread in the aquatic FAQ section, especially the articles by Tom Barr for good pointers.
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