For hang-on filters you need to have the water up to a certain level to match the filter (usually at an indicated minimum level just above the base of the filter) or else the filter's impeller may not be able to draw the water up the inlet pipe. In addition, if there is a power cut and the water level is too low, the water will drain out of the inlet pipe and it'll lose its siphon too.
It'll be better to use hang-on filters in full tanks, rather than partially filled tanks.![]()
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