Apistogramma cacatuoides "triple red" × "orange flash", what does it look like?

[Quixotic]

Thanks Irwin for taking the trouble, but I am actually thinking more in terms of genetics dominance. Well, if recessive or dominant genes doesn't guarantee there are no throw-backs in the brood, can I then just conclude that their genetic relationship is not of complete dominance?

The article did say that even without crossing the two, "triple red" pairs and "orange flash" pairs will throw out the different fry strains. So I have doubts if the "orange flash" trait is indeed recessive, because it sounds more to me that the genetic relationship is one of co-dominance, or incomplete dominance.

The way the article is worded, is rather confusing. So I was actually asking if these traits can be described in terms of dominant/recessive/dominance relationship. I am sorry if I couldn't be clearer as the terms slipped my mind the other day.

But then again, this may be a pointless exercise, as the genetic makeup of those fish may be really convoluted after countless unknown selective breeding.

[celticfish]

In essence you should be able to tell domninant traits from reccessive one.
It becomes a numbers game when a reccessive gene makes it into the gene pool of a breeding stock.
The ratio than becomes "un-naturally" high for the pool.

Totally agree with your last sentence!

[FishSoup]

Its not always simply a matter of recessive and dominant genes... there are multiple gene relationships, including incomplete dominance, sex-linked dominance, codominance and the like. Recessive/Dominant gene interaction is in fact the simplest interaction form known, and is by no means the only type known.

To make things even more complex, there are mitochondrial genes that pass from mother to offspring, without any input from the father at all.. while postulated to mainly carry genes which have function in cellular respiration, they have also been suggested to perhaps be responsible for some other phenomena, such as homosexuality.

Recessive traits will always be true-breeding, i.e. if the ornage flash gene was recessive, then breeding 2 orange flash parents will result in 100% orange flash fry. it thus seems unlikely that a simple recessive/dominant relationship is what is being shown here.

Selective breeding actually "purifies" gene lines, "streamlining" the gene pool by eliminating genes coding for unwanted phenotypes. Hence the appearance of future generations is actually made more consistent, than in the wild. However, the bad thing about it is this exact same loss of a lot of the natural genetic variation, which results in higher proportions of mutated and deformed fry.

Actually, the breeding of separate strains with each other increases fitness, rather than makes the fry less healthy... This is the hybrid vigour that scientists speak of, when genetically different individuals of the same species produce offspring that is actually more healthy than the parents. The reason why this crossing of different strains is not done, then, is only because humans would rather maintain the appearances of the separate strains. There is no loss of health; in fact, the offspring are healthier and stronger.

[Zenislev]

I am just wondering, what will result if you crossbreed a cacatuoides Super Red and Orange Flash? Could it be the colors will become more dull due to the orange strends?

[Texas,Guy]

In essence you should be able to tell domninant traits from reccessive one.
It becomes a numbers game when a reccessive gene makes it into the gene pool of a breeding stock.
The ratio than becomes "un-naturally" high for the pool.

Totally agree with your last sentence!

I totally agree with you, the traits IMO comes more down to the mother of the pair being bred again. If she had a color morph then the fry from the male being spawned again will show this morph. IMO